![]() ![]() These movements have on-site and off-site effects on properties, installations, house-holds, communications, crops, human lives and environmental health. Mass movement or landslides, which occur due to gravity, water saturation and water movement, have several forms: falls, creeps, slumps and earthflows, debris avalanches and debris flows, debris torrents and bedrock failures. ![]() The human actions that make soils on steep slopes unstable include development, settlement, shifting cultivation, deforestation, forest fires, soil mining, and other slope disturbances. Soils are more prone to mass movement in shallow and loose soils on impervious substratum, on steeper slopes, and under high intensity storms. ![]() The natural features of steep slopes that make them susceptible to failures and mass movement are gradient and shape of slope, geology, soil, vegetation and climate. Soils on steep slopes tend to be unstable due to natural and anthropogenic causes. ![]()
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